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Nucleic Acids

Which one of ...

Question

Which one of these is not a characteristic of prosthetic groups?

A

They are made up of amino acids

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B

They are inorganic compounds

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C

They are tightly bound to the apoenzyme

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D

They are a category of cofactors

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Solution

The correct option is A
They are made up of amino acids

A prosthetic group is a tightly bound, specific non-polypeptide unit required for the biological function of some proteins. The prosthetic group may be organic (such as a vitamin, sugar, or lipid) or inorganic (such as a metal ion), but is not composed of amino acids.

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Q. Complete the following passage(s) with an appropriate word/term to be filled in the blank spaces.
Apoenenzyme, Polypeptide, Prosthetic, Co-enzyme, Cofactors
Enzymes are composed of one or several .......... (1) ........ chains. However, there are a number of cases in which non-protein constituents called ........(2)........ are bound to the the enzyme to make the enzyme catalytically active. In these instances, the protein portion of the enzymes is called the ..........(3)......... Three kinds of cofactors may be identified prosthetic groups, co-enzymes and metal ions. ..........(4).......... groups are organic compounds and are distinguished from other cofactors in that they are tightly bound to the apoenzyme. For example, in peroxidase and catalase, which catalyze the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, haem is the prosthetic group and it is a part of the active site of the enzyme. .......(5)......... are also organic compounds but their association with the apoenzyme is only transient, usually occurring during the course of catalysis, Furthermore co-enzymes serve as co-factors in a number of different enzyme catalyzed reactions. The essential chemical components of many coenzymes are vitamins, e.g., coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and NADP contain the vitamin niacin.

Q. What are coenzymes? How do they differ from inorganic catalysts and cofactors? Give mechanism of enzyme action.

Q. Assertion :A coenzyme or metal ion tightly bound to enzyme protein is called prosthetic group. Reason: A complete catalytically active enzyme together with its bound prosthetic group is called apoenzyme.

Q. How many of the following is/are the incorrect statement about silicones
1.They are made up of

S i_{4}^{4 -}

units
2.They are polymers made up of

R_{2} S i O

units
3.They are water soluble compounds.
4.They are hydrophilic in nature

Q. Assertion :A coenzyme or metal ion that is very tightly bound to enzyme protein called prosthetic group. Reason: A complete, catalytically active enzyme together with its bound prosthetic group is called apoenzyme.

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