Question

Which part of fractional distillation apparatus makes it efficient and possesses advantage over a simple distillation setup? Give advantages of fractional distillation setup.
[3 Marks]

Answer 1

The fractionating column in a fractional distillation setup is the apparatus which is efficient and possesses advantage over a simple distillation setup.
A fractionating column is a tube packed with glass beads. The beads provide surface for the vapours to cool and condense repeatedly. As a result, separation happens.
[1 Mark]

The advantages of a fractional distillation setup are given below:

(i) Separation of various components of air.
[1 Mark]

(ii) Separation of various components from crude oil.
[1 Mark]