Question

Which separation techniques will you apply for the separation of the followingalso explain briefly.

a. Benzene from water

b. Alcohol from water

c. Sugar from glass pieces

D. Iodine from charcoal

e. Sulphur from carbon

f. Dye from ink

Answer 1

Dear student,
a) A mixture of benzene and water can be separated with the help of separating funnel. Because water and benzene rae not miscible with each other so they can be separated with the help of separating funnel where the heavier liquid (water) will form a lower layer and lighter liquid (benzene) will form an upper layer.

b)Alcohol from water- Since alcohol is completely miscible in water .To separate a mixture of alcohol (ethanol) and water, you can use a process known as fractional distillation. This technique relies on the fact that the compounds in the mixture have different boiling points. It . Distillation is commonly used to separate ethanol - the alcohol in alcoholic drinks - from water.

c)The easiest way to do this would be to add sufficient hot water to the mixture(sugar and glass pieces) in a mug (and by sufficient I mean so that most of the sugar has dissolved). Then pour the mixture through a coffee filter (or even a muslin cloth may do, depending on whether the glass is chipped) into another mug. This will leave you with sugar water (which you can later leave to evapourate by the window sill, leaving sugar crystals) in one mug, and a coffee filter with glass on it.

d)iodine can be separated by heating it at low temperatures.The process of transition of a substance directly from its solid phase to gaseous phase without going through the liquid state is called sublimation. Iodine crystals, dry ice, naphthalene (moth balls) and arsenic tend to sublimate. Sublimation occurs at a very low super cold temperature and low pressure.

e)separation of sulphur from mixture of carbon particles and powdered roll sulphur can be done by filtration and then evaporation .

process:

First dissolve the mixture into carbon disulphide(CS2) solvent. The sulphur will dissolve and carbon will remain as residue. Evaporate the filtrate to obtain sulphur.

f)Dye from ink: Process used is evaporation - Fill half a beaker with water put a watch glass on the mouth of the beaker. Put few drops of ink on the watch glass. Now start heating the mixture. The evaporation of water takes place. Continue heating till there is no further change on the watch glass water has evaporated and left behind in the watch glass is dye

Hope you understood

Enjoy learning!!
Regards