Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves , stems and flowers .
Leaf surfaces are dotted with pores called stomata, and in most plants they are more numerous on the undersides of the foliage.
Transpiration occurs through the stomatal apertures, and can be thought of as a necessary "cost" associated with the opening of the stomata to allow the diffusion of carbon dioxide gas from the air for photosynthesis.