Question

Who discovered the nucleus of the atom and how?

Answer 1

Nucleus:

1. It is a positively charged part of an atom that is present at the center of the atom.
2. It was discovered by Ernest Rutherford in 1911.
3. It consists of neutron and proton.
   

Experiment to discover nucleus:

1. Rutherford performed an alpha scattering experiment using a thin sheet of gold foil.
2. He used gold foil because gold is highly malleable.
3. He bombarded alpha particles with the gold foil.
4. Rutherford observed that most of the alpha particles passed straight through the sheet.
5. Very few particles suffered deflection.
6. One out of twenty thousand particles suffered maximum deflection of $180°$

.The conclusion made by Rutherford:

He concluded that most of the space inside an atom is empty therefore maximum particles passed straight through the foil. He also said that center of the atom is occupied by a highly positive charged particle and he named that particle as nucleus.