The correct option is B Lederberg and Lederberg
Joshua Lederberg and Esther Lederberg showed the genetic basis of adaptations in bacteria by culturing bacterial cells by their plating experiment (replica plating). Lederbergs replica plating experiment provided a support to neo-Darwinism and proved that the penicillin-resistance adaptation in the bacterial cells originated due to selection of pre-existing mutant forms of bacteria by nature. Thus, option B is correct.