The correct option is D Stalin
Due to acute shortages of grain supplies and outdated modes of production Stalin introduced the collectivization programme. Under this program, peasants were forced to cultivate on collective farms called as Kolkhoz. Those who resisted collectivization programme were severely punished and many were deported and exiled. Independent cultivation was also allowed but such cultivators were treated unsympathetically. This programme did not lead to an increase in production immediately.