Why are certain compounds called hydrocarbons? Write the general formula for homologous series of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes and also draw the structure of the first member of each series. Write the name of the reaction that converts alkenes into alkanes and also write a chemical equation to show the necessary conditions for the reaction to occur.

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Solution

Hydrocarbons are a group of compounds made up of carbon and hydrogen.

The general formula of homologous series of alkanes is $C_{n} H_{2 n + 2}$ , of alkenes is $C_{n} H_{2 n}$ and of alkynes is $C_{n} H_{2 n - 2}$ .
The reaction that converts alkenes to alkanes is an addition reaction. It is as follows:

$C H_{2} = C H_{2} + H_{2} N i c a t a l y s t - ------ \to H e a t C H_{3} - C H_{3}$

For this rection catalysts like Raney Ni, Pt and Pd can be used.

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