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Zinc Ion

Why are lithi...

Question

Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali ions usually anhydrous?

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Solution

Among alkali metal ions, Li(I) has smallest size due to which it can easily polarize water molecules. Li salts get bonded to water of crystallization. The lithium chloride contains 2 water molecules per mole of LiCl. The other alkali metals being bigger in size cannot easily polarize water molecules. Hence, there salts do not get bonded to water of crystallization.

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Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali metal ions usually anhydrous?

Q. Assertion :Lithium salts are mostly hydrated. Reason: The hydration enthalpies of alkali metal ions decrease with increase in ionic sizes.

Q. Assertion :The lithium-ion itself, and also its compounds, are more heavily hydrated than those of the rest of the group members. Reason: The

L i^{+}

is smallest among alkali metals and polarise water molecules more easily than the other alkali metal ions.

Q. Are all the hydrated salts crystalline? What are anhydrous salts?

Q. Consider the following statements:
1.

C s^{+}

is more highly hydrated than the other alkali metal ions.
2. Among the alkali metals

L i, N a, K

R b

, lithium has the highest melting point.
3. Among the alkali metals only lithium forms a stable nitride by direct combination.
Out of these statements:

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