Why are low spin tetrahedral complexes not formed?

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Solution

In the tetrahedral complex, the d-orbital is splitting to small as compared to octahedral. For same metal and same ligand $△_{r} = \frac{4}{9} △_{0} .$

Because for tetrahedral complexes, the crystal field stabilisation energy is lower than pairing energy.
Hence, the orbital splitting energies are not enough to force pairing. As a result, low spin configurations are rarely observed in tetrahedral complexes and the low spin tetrahedral complexes not form.

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Δ_{t} = (\frac{4}{9}) Δ_{0}

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