Why are the ionic compounds usually hard?

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Solution

The ionic compounds are usually hard because the ions are held by strong force of attraction as the positive and negative ions are strongly attracted to each other and difficult to separate.

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Q. (a) Show the formation of Na₂O by the transfer of electrons between the combining atoms.
(b) Why are ionic compounds usually hard?
(c) How is it that ionic compounds in the sold state do not conduct electricity but they do so when in molten state?
(d) What type of chemical bonds are present in CCl₄?
(e) What type of chemical bonds are present in MgCl₂?

Q. Assertion :Ionic compounds are generally hard solids Reason:

Hardness is due to the strong forces of attraction between constituent ions.

(a) What is the electronic configuration of (i) a sodium atom, and (ii) an oxygen atom?
(b) What is the number of outermost electrons in (i) a sodium atom, and (ii) an oxygen atom?
(c) show the formation of Na_2O by the transfer of electrons between the combining atoms.
(d) Why are ionic compounds usually hard?
(e) How is it that ionic compounds in the solid state do not conduct electricity but they do so when in molten state?

Q. Why ionic compounds are solids?

Q. Why ionic compounds are brittle?

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