I think there is a mistake in your question.It should be Why are 2nd period elements are called bridge elements?
Bridge elements are elements of second period while typical elements are elements of third period. Because elements of second period exhibit similar properties in relation with elements of third period but of the next group. Like-
Li with Mg , Be with Al, B with Si and so on.
So 2nd period elements are called bridge elements and 3rd period elements are called typical elements.