Question

Why can't we just cure cancers and HIV and others diseases by biotechnology i.e by recombinant DNA technology..? And does plants contain chromosomes if not where are the genes present in plants..?

Answer 1

(1) There is no general therapy for cancer - as there is no general cancer. Cancer is the umbrella term for a disease where you have body cells growing without control, leading eventually to death. But since there is a wide variety of cells in the body, there is also a very wide variety of different cancers.
For some cancers this is already sufficient to cure the patient, examples are skin cancers (not only melanoma but the other forms as well) where you can cure a very high portion of the patients. This only works for early forms of the cancers when there is no metastases present. Biological ones are modified oncolytic viruses. In this therapy, you inject genetically modified viruses which preferably infect the tumor and then destroy it. These are relatively new, but an interesting option. Biotech played and will continue to play an essential role in Cancer, ranging from monoclonal antibodies, immuno-oncology, CAR-T and everything in between.

Biotech and pharma have shifted their focuses to finding an HIV cure. We’ve scanned the biotech industry and cataloged promising developments in the field. Since the discovery of the disease, scientists are working on the biotechnology to find its cure by 2020.

(2) Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells.
Like all living organisms, plants use deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material. The DNA in plant cells is found in the nucleus, the mitochondria and the chloroplasts.