Why do gymnasts apply a coarse substance to their hands ?
Gymnasts apply a coarse substance to their hands to reduce the smoothness in their hands . We know that smooth surface will reduce friction which is detrimental to the safety of the gymnast as he might slip and hurt himself when he moves on bars ,does floor exercises etc.Coarse substance hence generally increases forward friction and helps to keep him safe.
Gymnasts often use chalk powder that they use absorbs the sweat hence giving a stronger grip.