Why does a presence of a nitro group make the benzene ring less reactive in comparison to the unsubstituted benzene ring. Explain.

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Solution

Nitro group has -I and -R effect due to that benzene ring deactivates and electron density decreases on ortho and para positions as compared to meta potions.
Hence, the nitro group makes the benzene ring less reactive in comparison to the unsubstituted benzene ring.

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