Why does it hurt our eye when we look at the sun?
Sunlight hurts our eyes and is mostly unsafe because of all of the ultraviolet radiation it has and just a bit of that UV light can damage your eyes.
For example, it can award you photokeratitis, which is basically a sunburn on your cornea, the outermost layer of your eyeball. It causes blisters, pain and inflammation, not things that you need happening to your eyes. Fortunately, like ordinary sunburns, it’s usually temporary unless you get a really good one. Unfortunately, the damage doesn’t end at the top layer.
Unlike your skin, your cornea is transparent and lets some of the UV light, called UVA radiation to pass inside other parts of your eye and it can really hurt each of them in various ways. After passing through your cornea, UVA light smacks the lens which bends and focuses light. Over time, repeated UV damages to the lens can provoke cataracts, invasive tissue growth that makes in cloudy vision and ultimately blindness. Once it goes through your lens, which are again transparent, the UV light hits your retina, the structure at the back of your eye that transfers images to your brain.
Thus our eyes hurt when we look at the sun.