Question

Why electronegativity is inversely proportional to the radius and why it is said that more the s character more is electronegativity?

Answer 1

Dear student...

Electronegativity is a relative measure of the force of attraction between an atom and the electrons it is sharing in a bond with another atom.
It decreases as one goes down a group because as the atomic radius increases, there is less attraction between the nucleus and shared electrons (Coulomb's Law). Likewise, as one goes left to right in a period and the atomic size generally decreases, the electronegativity increases because the smaller atoms have a greater force of attraction for the shared electrons.

Hybrid orbitals having more s character are more electronegative because s orbital is nearer to the nucleus and hence more attracted by the nucleus. ... Hence attraction of electron in a bond towards the nucleus decreases in the order sp>sp2>sp3. Hence electronegativity decreases in above order.


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