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Question

Why AlCl3 is a Lewis acid?


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Solution

Lewis theory of acid and base

  • Any species (molecule or ion) that can accept a pair of electrons is referred to as a Lewis acid.
  • Any species (molecule or ion) that can donate a pair of electrons is referred to as a Lewis base.
  • When a base provides a pair of electrons to an acid, a Lewis acid-base reaction occurs.

Aluminum chloride

  • Aluminum chloride AlCl3 is a Lewis acid because it can receive electrons.
  • Structure of Aluminum chloride:
Aluminium Chloride Formula - Chemical Formula of Aluminium Chloride  (Aluminum trichloride)
  • The presence of high electron negative chlorine Cl atoms decreases the electron density from the core atom.
  • Aluminum Al possesses unoccupied orbitals and is a powerful electrophile (electron deficient species).

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