Question

Why Nitration of Aniline Is Difficult?

Answer 1

1. Nitration of Aniline is difficult, because Aniline(${\text{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_5{\mathrm{NH}}_2$) is oxidised into protonated Aniline,
2. This Aniline type produces 47% m-Nitroaniline.
3. Because Nitric Acid(${\text{HNO}}_3$) oxidises most Aniline to produce tarry oxidation products and only a tiny quantity of nitrated products.
4. Direct nitration of Aniline is not a viable process.