Dear student
There is a debate on this whether or not viruses should be considered to be alive. The debate results from the fact that viruses cannot reproduce on their own. They must invade a host cell and utilize the host’s genetic material in order to reproduce.
The first cell did not come from another cell.Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own genetic material and can reproduce independently from the cell in which they reside.These are the exception of cell theory.As red blood cells and plateletes have these properties of cell theory they are the exceptions of cell theory.
So, because of this reason they are considered as excdeption of cell theory.
Regards