Question

why the crystalline solids are called anisotropic in nature and amorphous solids called isotropic in nature?

Answer 1

Dear Student,

Crystalline solids are anisotropic in nature due to long range order. The arrangement of particles in crystalline solids is different in different directions. So, they show different values of any physical property like refractive index, electrical conductivity, etc.in different directions.
In amorphous solids, the constituent particles are not arranged in patterns. In this case arrangement in regular and repeating three dimensional pattern is observed for a short range only. The constituent particles such as atoms, ions or molecules are arranged randomly and hence crystalline lattice is not observed due to lack of long range order. Hence they are isotropic in nature.