Question

Why the electric field lines are normal to the surface?

Answer 1

Deat Student, Because electric field lines must be perpendicular to the surface of conductor, otherwise there would be a non zero component of electric field along the surface of conductor and charges could not be at rest. this is because there is no potential gradient along any direction parallel to the surface , and so no electric field parallel to the surface so the electric field lines are normal to the surface Regards