Question

Why was the deflection of anode rays in the discharge tube found to be very less than that of cathode rays?

Answer 1

Note the point that, the deflection of anode rays in the discharge tube was found to be very less than that of cathode rays, because the emission of anode rays was dependent on the nature of the gas taken in the discharge tube.
Cathode ray is nothing but electron emerging from any of the gases and strike to anode plate. It is therefore negatively charged whose e/m ration is constant for all the gases therefore called universal constant.
Anode ray is the positively charged nuclei of gases. It emerges from anode and strike cathode plate. All the gases have different e/m ratio. Since all the gases have different number of protons.