Question

With regard to the respiratory system and the process of respiration in man, answer the following questions:

(a) Name the two muscles that help in breathing.
(b) Briefly describe how the above mentioned muscles help in the inspiration of air.
(c) Give the overall chemical equation to represent the process of respiration in humans.
(d) What is meant by :

1. Residual air 2. Dead air space.
<!--td {border: 1px solid #cccccc;}br {mso-data-placement:same-cell;}--> [Review Questions - Pg No.148 - LAT - 3]

Answer 1

(a)The two muscles that help in breathing are: intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles.

(b) The chest cavity enlarges as the ribs moves outward and inward, which happens due to the stretch between the ribs.
(c) The overall chemical reaction for respiration is given below: C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+energy

(d) Residual volume is the volume remained in the lungs even after a forceful expiration. Its volume is 1500 mL.
Dead air space is the tidal space remained in the respiratory passages like bronchi or trachea, where the gas diffusion does not take place. Its volume is 150 mL.