Question

Write a note on Giuseppe Mazzini

Answer 1

Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian Revolutionary. Giuseppe Mazzini became a member of the secret society of the Carbonari.

Revolutionaries – Objectives

• Creation of nation-states was seen as an important part of the struggle for freedom by the Revolutionaries.
• Revolutionaries wanted to fight for freedom and liberty.
• To train revolutionaries and spread their ideas, secret societies sprang up in many European states. Secret societies were needed because many liberal-nationalists had to go underground due to fear of repression.

Giuseppe Mazzini – Important Facts

• Giuseppe Mazzini was born in 1807 in Genoa.
• Giuseppe Mazzini believed that Italy could not continue to be a patchwork of small kingdoms and states.
• Within a wider alliance of nations,Giuseppe Mazzini wanted to forge Italy into a single unified republic. He believed the basis of Italian liberty was this unification alone.
• God had intended nations to be the natural units of mankind was the belief of Giuseppe Mazzini.
• For trying a revolution in Liguria, Giuseppe Mazzini was sent to exile in 1831 at the young age of 24.
• Later two more Underground societies were formed by Giuseppe Mazzini.
• First, Young Italy was formed byGiuseppe Mazzini, in Marseilles for spreading of his goals.
• The Second secret Society formed by Giuseppe Mazzini was the Young Europe in Berne.
• The Secret Societies formed by Mazzini had young members from the states of Italy, France, Poland and Germany.
• Following the model of Giuseppe Mazzini, secret societies were set up in France, Poland, Germany, Switzerland.
• Metternich described Giuseppe Mazzini as ‘the most dangerous enemy of our social order’ due to his relentless vision for democratic republics and opposition to Monarchy.
• The Conservatives were frightened of Giuseppe Mazzini.
• A coherent programme for a unitary Italian Republic was put forward by Giuseppe Mazzini in the 1830s.

Giuseppe Garibaldi – Joined Young Italy

• One of the most famous freedom fighters of Italy was Giuseppe Garibaldi.
• Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldimet in 1833.
• Giuseppe Garibaldi joined the Young Italy Movement of Giuseppe Mazzini.
• In 1834, he participated in the Republican Uprising in Piedmont.