Question

Write a note on mitochondria.

Answer 1

Mitochondria:

1. Mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells, that produce ATP, the main energy molecule used by the cell.
2. They are the powerhouse of cells.
3. Their purpose is to break down ATP (cell food) into energy to be used by cells.
4. It ranges from 3 to 4 micrometers in length & its diameter is 0.5 to 1 micrometer.
5. It is the hub for cellular respiration.

Functions:

1. They regulate the metabolic activity of the cell.
2. They promote the growth of new cells and cell multiplication
3. They detoxify ammonia in the liver cells
4. They play an essential role in programmed cell death
5. It is involved in numerous cellular activities like cellular differentiation, cell signaling, cell senescence, etc.