The following are 4'P's or the elements of marketing mix.
i. Product: A product refers to any good or service that offers value and satisfies needs of a customer. In marketing, a product relates not just to the physical product but it also includes the satisfaction of various needs and utilities of the customer.
ii. Price: Price refers to the money paid by the customers to obtain a product. Price of a product affects its demand. As the price of a product increases, its demand falls and vice versa. The marketers must analyse properly the various factors that determine the price and decide a suitable price for the product.
iii. Place: Besides the product decisions and pricing decisions, a firm must also take decisions regarding the availability of the product to the target customers. A firm must appropriately decide the dealers or intermediaries for the distribution of the goods.
iv. Promotion: Promotion comprises of those activities that communicate customers regarding the availability of a product, its features, qualities, etc. so as to influence the customers to purchase the product. Organisations undertake various promotional activities such advertising, sales techniques, personal selling, etc.