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Question
Write a short note on a volcano, explaining its various parts with a help of a diagram.
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Solution
The magma from the interior of the Earth comes out to the surface through an opening known as volcano.On reaching the Earth's surface, the magma is known as lava, which comes out through a passage known as vent. The top of the mountain through which the volcano erupts has a funnel shaped depression known as a crater.
There can be two types of volcanic eruptions:
(i) An explosive eruption occurs through a narrow vent at one point. Cone-shaped hills are formed when the erupted material accumulates around the vent. Mt Fujiyama in Japan is an example of a cone- shaped hill.
(ii) A quiet eruption occurs through cracks in the Earth's surface. The lava spreads across a large area and forms lava sheets. This often leads to the formation of plains and plateaus. The Deccan plateau is an example of such a formation.
The diagram that illustrates various parts of a volcano is shown below:
The magma from the interior of the Earth comes out to the surface through an opening known as volcano.On reaching the Earth's surface, the magma is known as lava, which comes out through a passage known as vent. The top of the mountain through which the volcano erupts has a funnel shaped depression known as a crater.
There can be two types of volcanic eruptions:(i) An explosive eruption occurs through a narrow vent at one point. Cone-shaped hills are formed when the erupted material accumulates around the vent. Mt Fujiyama in Japan is an example of a cone- shaped hill.
(ii) A quiet eruption occurs through cracks in the Earth's surface. The lava spreads across a large area and forms lava sheets. This often leads to the formation of plains and plateaus. The Deccan plateau is an example of such a formation.
The diagram that illustrates various parts of a volcano is shown below:
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