Sir Isaac Newton was an english mathematician, astronomer and physicist who laid the foundations of classical mechanics. Newton also made seminal contributions to optics, and developing the infinitesimal calculus.
Newton also built the first practical reflecting telescope and developed a sophisticated theory of colour based on the observation that a prism decomposes white light into the colours of the visible spectrum. He also formulated an empirical law of cooling, made the first theoretical calculation of the speed of sound.