Write answers the following questions.
(a) Explain the difference between acids and bases.
(b) Why does an indicator not affect common salt?
(c) Which substances are formed as a result of a neutralization reaction?
(d) Explain the difference between a base and an alkali.
Write answers the following questions.
(a) Explain the difference between acids and bases.
(b) Why does an indicator not affect common salt?
(c) Which substances are formed as a result of a neutralization reaction?
(d) Explain the difference between a base and an alkali.
(a) Difference between acids and bases:
Acids
Bases
(i)
Acids are sour to taste.
Bases are bitter to taste.
(ii)
Acids turn the blue litmus red.
Bases do not change the colour of blue litmus.
(iii)
Acids do not change the colour of red litmus.
Bases turn the red litmus blue.
(iv)
Acids give dark pink colour with china rose indicator.
Bases give green colour with china rose indicator.
(v)
Acids do not change the colour of turmeric indicator.
Bases turn the colour of turmeric indicator to red.
(b) Indicators are the substances used to identify acid or base. But, common salt is neither an acid nor a base. It is a salt formed by the neutralization reaction of acid and base. Hence, indicators do not affect common salt.
(c) Neutralization reaction is the chemical reaction between acids and bases. In this reaction, salt and water are formed.
Acid + Base ā Salt + Water
(d) Difference between base and alkali: A base is defined as the substance that can accept H+ ions or can donate electron pair, while an alkali is a base that contains OH- ions which releases OH- ions when dissolved in water. Thus, all alkalis are bases but all bases are not alkalis.
For example: NaOH is an alkali and also a base while Na2CO3 is a base and not an alkali.
(a) Difference between acids and bases:
|
|
Acids |
Bases |
|
(i) |
Acids are sour to taste. |
Bases are bitter to taste. |
|
(ii) |
Acids turn the blue litmus red. |
Bases do not change the colour of blue litmus. |
|
(iii) |
Acids do not change the colour of red litmus. |
Bases turn the red litmus blue. |
|
(iv) |
Acids give dark pink colour with china rose indicator. |
Bases give green colour with china rose indicator. |
|
(v) |
Acids do not change the colour of turmeric indicator. |
Bases turn the colour of turmeric indicator to red. |
(b) Indicators are the substances used to identify acid or base. But, common salt is neither an acid nor a base. It is a salt formed by the neutralization reaction of acid and base. Hence, indicators do not affect common salt.
(c) Neutralization reaction is the chemical reaction between acids and bases. In this reaction, salt and water are formed.
Acid + Base ā Salt + Water
(d) Difference between base and alkali: A base is defined as the substance that can accept H+ ions or can donate electron pair, while an alkali is a base that contains OH- ions which releases OH- ions when dissolved in water. Thus, all alkalis are bases but all bases are not alkalis.
For example: NaOH is an alkali and also a base while Na2CO3 is a base and not an alkali.
