Question

Write answers to the following question i your own words.

(a) What is a tsunami? What gives rise to a tsunami?
(b) What is a cloudburst?
(c) Explain the effects of a volcano.
(d) What are the measures to prevent loss of life due to lightning?

Answer 1

(a) A tsunami is a series of waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean. These waves are generated by an earthquake or volcano erupting on the ocean floor.

(b) A sudden rainstorm falling for a short period of time and to a small geographical area at the rate of 100 mm per hour or more is known as cloudburst.

(c) Various effects of volcano are:

• Volcanoes add up to the greenhouse gases by ejecting ash and various gases.
• Temperature increases due to hot gases.
• Forests and settlements get buried under the hot mud.
• Mountains and hills are created after volcanic eruption.

(d) To prevent loss of life due to lightning, following measures can be taken
If outdoor:
1. Avoid taking shelter under trees.
2. Avoid being near to any kind of metal objects which may include metal wires, fences, machinery and power appliances.
3. Take shelter inside a fully enclosed car with all the windows shut.

If indoor:
1. Turn off all the electrical appliances such as television and refrigerator.
2. Avoid bathing or showering.