Question

Write any five postulates of Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation.

Answer 1

Postulates of Arrhenius of theory Electrolytic dissociation
When dissolved in water, electrolyte molecules split up into two types of charged particles. This particles were called ions and the process was kilned ionisation.
When placed in water, those neutral motor vies dissociate to form separate anions and cations.
$A^{\ast }{B}^{-}\to A^{\ast }+B^{-}$
The ions present in solution constantly reunite to form neutral molecule.
Thus there is a state of equilibrium between the undissociated molecules and the ions.
$A\rightleftharpoons A^{+}+B^{-}$
Applying the law, of mash stetson to the ionic equilibrium have;
$\frac{\left[A^{+}\right]\left[B^{-}\right]}{\left[AB\right]}=k$
where, K is called the Dissociation constant
The charged ions are free to move through the solution to the opposite charged electrode. This is called migration of ions. This explain the conductivity of electrolytes as-well as the phenomenon of electrolysis.
The electrical conductivity of in electrolytic solution depend on the number of ions present in the solution. Thus, the degree of dissociation of an electrolyte determines whether it is strong electrolyte or a Week electrolyte.
The properties of solution of electrolytes are the properties of ions. The is solution of electrolyte as a whole is electrically neutral unless an electrical field is applied to the electrodes dipped into it.
There are two types of electrolyte. Strong electrolytes are those which when disolve in water are completely dissociated into ions of positive and negative charges.
E.g. $NaCl,KCI,AgN{O}_3$ are strong electrolytes.
Weak electrolytes are those where there is partial dissociation in to ions in water and an equilibrium exists between the dissociated ion and undissociated electrolyte:
E.g. Acetic acid
$C{H}_{3}COOH\rightleftharpoons C{H}_{3}CO{O}^{-}+H^{+}$