The three physical properties of matter are:
(1) Hardness: Matter can be hard, which cannot be compressed, or soft, which can be compressed. For example, stones and rocks are hard, while pillows and mattresses are soft.
(2) Solubility: Matter can be soluble or insoluble in water. For example, sugar, common salt, glucose and vinegar are soluble in water, while kerosene oil, petrol and edible oils are insoluble in water and therefore form a separate layer on water.
(3) Appearance or Lustre: Matter can have a shiny (lustrous) or non-lustrous surface. For example, metals like gold, silver and aluminium have a shiny surface, while wood and rubber have a non-lustrous surface.