Write briefly about
(i) Exophthalmic goitre (symptoms and cause).
(ii) Diabetes mellitus (symptoms and cause).
Write briefly about
(i) Exophthalmic goitre (symptoms and cause).
(ii) Diabetes mellitus (symptoms and cause).
(i) Exophthalmic Goitre
Symptoms:-
The main symptoms of exophthalmic goitre are protruded eyeballs, inflammation, dry and swollen eyes, weight loss and an increase in Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). A person with exophthalmic goitre shows most symptoms of hyperthyroidism, like weight loss, insomnia, excessive sweating, hair loss, muscle weakness, tremors, heat intolerance, etc.
Causes:-
It is also known as Grave’s disease and is an autoimmune disease. Exophthalmic goitre is caused due to overactivity of the thyroid gland or genetic as well as environmental factors. Pregnancy, infection or even stress can lead to the disease. People with any other autoimmune diseases are at high risk to develop exophthalmic goitre.
(ii) Diabetes Mellitus
It is the inability of the body to effectively use or respond to the insulin produced by the body, and as a result, blood sugar levels cannot be regulated effectively. Diabetes mellitus is further classified into two types, namely:
Type 1 Diabetes
It is also known as Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. It occurs when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin. The consequent lack of insulin causes an increase in glucose levels in urine and blood.
Type 2 Diabetes
It is also called Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. The prime reason for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes is obesity and lack of exercise in people who are genetically biased.
(i) Exophthalmic Goitre
Symptoms:-
The main symptoms of exophthalmic goitre are protruded eyeballs, inflammation, dry and swollen eyes, weight loss and an increase in Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). A person with exophthalmic goitre shows most symptoms of hyperthyroidism, like weight loss, insomnia, excessive sweating, hair loss, muscle weakness, tremors, heat intolerance, etc.
Causes:-
It is also known as Grave’s disease and is an autoimmune disease. Exophthalmic goitre is caused due to overactivity of the thyroid gland or genetic as well as environmental factors. Pregnancy, infection or even stress can lead to the disease. People with any other autoimmune diseases are at high risk to develop exophthalmic goitre.
(ii) Diabetes Mellitus
It is the inability of the body to effectively use or respond to the insulin produced by the body, and as a result, blood sugar levels cannot be regulated effectively. Diabetes mellitus is further classified into two types, namely:
Type 1 Diabetes
It is also known as Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. It occurs when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin. The consequent lack of insulin causes an increase in glucose levels in urine and blood.
Type 2 Diabetes
It is also called Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. The prime reason for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes is obesity and lack of exercise in people who are genetically biased.
