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Question

Write down the names of three types of endocytosis.

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Solution

Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in substances from outside of the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle. These can include things like nutrients to support the cell or pathogens that immune cells engulf and destroy.

Endocytosis occurs when a portion of the cell membrane folds in on itself, encircling extracellular fluid and various molecules or microorganisms. The resulting vesicle breaks off and is transported within the cell.

The three types of endocytosis are pinocytosis, phagocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Phagocytosis, also known as cell eating, is the process by which cells internalize large particles or cells, like damaged cells and bacteria.

Pinocytosis, also known as cell drinking, is common in plant and animal cells. During pinocytosis, the cell takes in substances from the extracellular fluid that it needs to function. These include things like water and nutrients.

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a process through which bulk amounts of specific molecules can be imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. An example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the import of iron into a mammalian cell.


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