Question

Write note on (i) Pneumatophore (ii) Epihytic roots (iii) phylloclade (iv) Rhizome.

Answer 1

(i) Pneumatophores are the modified roots that perform breathing in mangrove trees. They grow above the soil.

(ii) Epiphytic Roots: These are the aerial roots that perform the absorption of water and exchange of air. They have a special type of epidermal tissue called velamen. It is found in orchids.

(iii) Phylloclade: This is a modified stem in xerophytic plants that become flattened and photosynthetic. The leaves on this stem are modified to become spines.

(iv) Rhizome: It is a modified stem found in ginger that bears the buds for adventitious growth. It also stores food.