The potential difference, V, across the ends of
a given metallic wire in an electric circuit is directly
proportional to the current flowing through it, provided its
temperature remains the same. This is called Ohm’s law.
The device X is an ammeter used for measuring electric current flowing through the branch in the electric circuit. We could tell this because an ammeter is always connected in series with the branch whose current is to be measured.
The device Y is a voltmeter used for measuring electrical potential difference between two points in the electric circuit. We could tell this because a voltmeter is always connected in parallel with the two points whose potential difference is to be measured.