The term “scientific management” was developed by Frederick Taylor (1856–1915) in 1911. It refers to the classical outlook of management that focused on devising best ways of doing work in order to increase the effectiveness and efficiency in work. Scientific management suggests that work should be done by specialised personnel following standardised techniques and using tools so as to improve the quantity as well as the quality of the product and, at the same time, to reduce the overall cost. Scientific management is also known as Taylorism.