Question

Write short note on : Cytoplasm and Nucleus.

Answer 1

• The jelly-like fluid that fills a cell is called cytoplasm. It is made up of mostly water and salt.
• Cytoplasm is present within the cell membrane of all cell types and contains all organelles and cell parts. Most of the important activities of the cell occur in the cytoplasm.
• Cytoplasm contains molecules such as enzymes that are responsible for breaking down waste and also aid in metabolic activity.
• Cytoplasm is responsible for giving a cell its shape. It helps to fill out the cell and keeps organelles in their place. Without cytoplasm, the cell would be deflated and materials would not be able to pass easily from one organelle to another.
• Cytosol is the part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles.

• The nucleus is a membrane-bound structure that contains the cell's hereditary information and controls the cell's growth and reproduction. It is commonly the most prominent organelle in the cell.
• The nucleus is surrounded by a structure called the nuclear envelope. This membrane separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
• The outer membrane usually remains continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum and also bears ribosomes on it. At a number of places, the nuclear envelope is interrupted by minute pores, which are formed by the fusion of its two membranes.
• These nuclear pores are the passages through which the movement of RNA and protein molecules takes place in both directions between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

• The cell's chromosomes are also housed within the nucleus. Chromosomes contain DNA which provides the genetic information necessary for the production of other cell components and for the reproduction of life.