Question

Write short notes on
​(a) Tuberculosis; (b) Polio.

Answer 1

(a) Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis is caused by the infection of bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease can be transmitted from one organism to another through indirect or direct contact. The common symptoms of tuberculosis include weakness, loss of apetite, weight loss and fever. This disease is treated by the administration of antibiotics such as Streptomycin and Rifampicin.

(b) Polio: Polio is a viral disease which primarily affects the nervous system. This disease is caused by polio virus. This virus destroys the motor neurons present in the spinal cord which regulate muscles. The destruction of these neurons result in a paralytic condition. Early symptoms of polio include headache and soar throat. Polio can be prevented by administration of Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV).