Question

Write short notes on the functions of Insulin and Glucagon.

Answer 1

Insulin and glucagon are the hormones which are secreted by cells of pancreas that helps to regulate the levels of blood glucose, or sugar, in the body. α-cells secrete glucagon that increases the blood glucose level to normal in hypoglycemic condition in the body, whereas β-cells secrete insulin that lowers the blood glucose level to the normal in hyperglycemic condition in the body and initiates the of glycogen from excess glucose by liver cells. Insulin and glucagon work in the form as negative feedback loop. During this process, one event triggers another, which triggers another, and so on, to keep your blood sugar levels balanced. Insulin regulates how the body uses and stores glucose and fat, and it also helps to keep the blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia). Glucagon stimulates the conversion of stored glycogen (stored in the liver) to glucose, which can be released into the blood. This process is called glycogenolysis.