Write the answer.
(a) Why is it necessary to classify living things?
(b) What are the criteria for classifying living things?
(c) Give two characteristics of non-flowering plants.
(d) Give the characteristics of herbs and give some examples.
(e) Which are the three ways of classifying plants?
(f) Which are different ways of classifying animals?
(g) What is it that protects the bodies of animals?
Write the answer.
(a) Why is it necessary to classify living things?
(b) What are the criteria for classifying living things?
(c) Give two characteristics of non-flowering plants.
(d) Give the characteristics of herbs and give some examples.
(e) Which are the three ways of classifying plants?
(f) Which are different ways of classifying animals?
(g) What is it that protects the bodies of animals?
(a) Classification allows things to be identified and categorized on the basis of structure and function of an organism, and accordingly, we can refer to them as primitive or advanced organisms. This helps in predicting the line of evolution.
(b) The criteria for classifying plants are as follows:
(i) Flowering
(ii) Types of stem
(iii) Natural length of their life−cycle
The criteria for classifying animals are as follows:
(i) Cellularity
(ii) Habitat
(iii) Vertebral column
(iv) Body covering
(v) Mode of reproduction
(c) The two characteristics of non−flowering plants are as follows:
(i) They do not bear flowers. So, they undergo sexual reproduction through spores such as in ferns and mosses, or through naked seeds such as in cycads and conifers.
(ii) They do not produce fruits.
(d) The characteristics of herbs are as follows:
(i) Herbs have soft and flexible stem.
(ii) They are generally short about 1−1.5 m tall and do not have many branches.
(iii) Example: lemon grass, basil, bengal gram, chilli, sesame
(e) The three ways of classifying plants are as follows:
(i) On the basis of flowering:
1. Flowering plants
2. Non−flowering plants
(ii) On the basis of the type of stem:
1. Trees
2. Shrubs
3. Herbs
4. Creepers/ Climbers
(iii) On the basis of the length of natural life-cycle:
1. Perennials
2. Biennials
3. Annuals
(f) The different ways of classifying animals are as follows:
(i) On the basis of cellularity:
1. Unicellular
2. Multicellular
(ii) On the basis of type of habitat:
1. Terrestrial
2. Aquatic
3. Amphibious
(iii) On the basis of the presence or absence of vertebral column:
1. Vertebrates
2. Invertebrates
(iv) On the basis of body covering:
1. Scales
2. Hair
3. Feathers
(v) On the basis of mode of reproduction:
1. Oviparous
2. Viviparous
(g) Skin protects the bodies of animals from various external conditions.
(a) Classification allows things to be identified and categorized on the basis of structure and function of an organism, and accordingly, we can refer to them as primitive or advanced organisms. This helps in predicting the line of evolution.
(b) The criteria for classifying plants are as follows:
(i) Flowering
(ii) Types of stem
(iii) Natural length of their life−cycle
The criteria for classifying animals are as follows:
(i) Cellularity
(ii) Habitat
(iii) Vertebral column
(iv) Body covering
(v) Mode of reproduction
(c) The two characteristics of non−flowering plants are as follows:
(i) They do not bear flowers. So, they undergo sexual reproduction through spores such as in ferns and mosses, or through naked seeds such as in cycads and conifers.
(ii) They do not produce fruits.
(d) The characteristics of herbs are as follows:
(i) Herbs have soft and flexible stem.
(ii) They are generally short about 1−1.5 m tall and do not have many branches.
(iii) Example: lemon grass, basil, bengal gram, chilli, sesame
(e) The three ways of classifying plants are as follows:
(i) On the basis of flowering:
1. Flowering plants
2. Non−flowering plants
(ii) On the basis of the type of stem:
1. Trees
2. Shrubs
3. Herbs
4. Creepers/ Climbers
(iii) On the basis of the length of natural life-cycle:
1. Perennials
2. Biennials
3. Annuals
(f) The different ways of classifying animals are as follows:
(i) On the basis of cellularity:
1. Unicellular
2. Multicellular
(ii) On the basis of type of habitat:
1. Terrestrial
2. Aquatic
3. Amphibious
(iii) On the basis of the presence or absence of vertebral column:
1. Vertebrates
2. Invertebrates
(iv) On the basis of body covering:
1. Scales
2. Hair
3. Feathers
(v) On the basis of mode of reproduction:
1. Oviparous
2. Viviparous
(g) Skin protects the bodies of animals from various external conditions.
