Write the Bohr Bury scheme to fill the electrons in various energy levels of an atom. Using these rules, write the electron arrangement of the elements having atomic numbers $11 a n d 18$ .

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Solution

BOHR BURY SCHEME
The distribution of electrons in different orbits or shells is governed by a scheme known as Bohr Bury scheme.
According to this scheme,

The maximum number of electrons that can be present in any shell is given by the formula $2 n^{2}$ , where n is the number of energy level. Thus, the distribution of electrons in first four orbits is given in the following table.
ORBIT
VALUE OF n
MAXIMUM NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN THE ORBIT
K
1
$2 \times 1^{2} = 2 e l e c t r o n s$
L
2
$2 \times 2^{2} = 8 e l e c t r o n s$
M
3
$2 \times 3^{2} = 18 e l e c t r o n s$
N
4
$2 \times 4^{2} = 32 e l e c t r o n s$
2. The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the outermost shell is 8.
3. Electrons in an atom do not occupy a new shell unless all the inner shells are completely filled. This means that the shells are filled in a stepwise manner ( $n = 1, 2, 3, 4 . . . . . o r K, L, M, N . . . . .$ ).
According to Bohr Bury scheme,
Electronic configuration of element with atomic number 11 = $2, 8, 1$
Electronic configuration of element with atomic number 18 = $2, 8, 8$

ORBIT	VALUE OF n	MAXIMUM NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN THE ORBIT
K	1	$2 \times 1^{2} = 2 e l e c t r o n s$
L	2	$2 \times 2^{2} = 8 e l e c t r o n s$
M	3	$2 \times 3^{2} = 18 e l e c t r o n s$
N	4	$2 \times 4^{2} = 32 e l e c t r o n s$

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