Question

Write the causes of energy loss and ways to reduce them in transformer (any four).

Answer 1

Energy losses and removal
(i) Copper loss: Some part of the energy is wasted in the form of heat due to the heating effect of current in primary and secondary coil, because it has some resistance. This loss cannot be removed.
(ii) Iron loss: Eddy current is produced in the iron core of the transformer causes heating. This loss is called iron loss. To minimize this loss, the core is made laminated.
(iii) Magnetic flux leakage: All the magnetic flux produced by primary coil do not link with secondary coil. Therefore, some energy is wasted. To minimize this loss, soft iron core is used.
(iv) Hysteresis loss: Some of the energy is wasted in magnetization and demagnetization of core duet a.c. This is called hydsteresis loss. It is minimized by taking soft iron core.