Question

Write the chemical name of ${\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3·10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$ and ${\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3$. Write the significance of $10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$. Mention the term used for water molecules attached with salt. With the help of a chemical equation explain the method of preparation of both ${\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3·10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$and ${\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3$. Also, enlist the uses of ${\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3·10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$.

Answer 1

As we know that;

1. The hydrated salts are those in which the water molecules are bound with salt molecules.
2. The water of crystallization is the number of water molecules that are found in the crystalline framework of a metal complex or salts, which is not directly bonded with the metal cation.

Now;

1. The chemical name of $\left({\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3.10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\right)$ is Sodium carbonate.
2. The chemical name of $\left({\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3\right)$ is Sodium carbonate.
3. The significance of $\left(10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\right)$ is that they help in the crystal structure and shape of molecules.
4. The terms used for water molecules attached to salt are molecules of water of crystallization.

Preparation of $\left({\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3\right)$: When aqueous Sodium chloride is treated with Ammonia then there is the formation of Sodium bicarbonate and Ammonium chloride. After that this Sodium bicarbonate is heated to form Sodium carbonate with the evolution of Carbon dioxide.

$\mathrm{NaCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)+{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{NaHCO}}_3\left(\mathrm{s}\right)$

$2{\mathrm{NaHCO}}_3\left(\mathrm{s}\right)\stackrel{\mathrm{heat}}{\to }{\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3\left(\mathrm{s}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)+{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(\mathrm{g}\right)$

Preparation of ${\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3·10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$: When Sodium chloride is treated with water, there is the formation of water of crystallization, forming Sodium carbonate with water of crystallization.

${\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3·10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{s}\right)$

Uses of ${\mathrm{Na}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3.10{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$

1. It is used in soap, and glass preparation.
2. It is used in the cleaning of clothes.