Write the following reactions:
(i) Clemmensen reduction
(ii) Perkins reaction

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Solution

(i) Clemmensen reduction
Carbonyl group (of aldehydes and ketones) is reduced to methylene group by treatment with zinc amalgam and conc. $H C l$ .
(ii) Perkins reaction
The aldol condensation of an aromatic aldehyde with an acid anhydride gives
a $α, β -$ unsaturated aromatic acid (cinnamic acid).

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