Dear Student,
The mentioned symbols related to French Revolution and their basic values are as follows:
(a) The Broken Chain: Chains were majorly used to bind slaves. A broken chain stands for freedom from bondage, or slavery.
(b) The Eye within a Triangle Radiating Light: This all seeing eye symbolises knowledge. It conveys that the sun's rays will drive away the clouds of ignorance. Basically, it means that knowledge removes ignorance.
(c) The Bundle of Rods: Also called fasces, it symbolises that strength lies in unity. A single rod can be easily broken, but it is very difficult to break the entire bundle.
(d) Red Phrygian Cap: It also symbolises freedom from bondage or slavery as it was worn by slaves upon acquiring freedom.
(e) Snake Biting its Tail to form a Ring: As this kind of a ring has neither a beginning nor an end, it stands for eternity.
Regards.