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Addition Reactions

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Question

Write the name and general formula of a chain of hydrocarbons in which an addition reaction with hydrogen can take place. Stating the essential conditions required for an addition reaction to occur, write the chemical equation giving the name of the reactant and the product of such a reaction.

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Solution

The chain of hydrocarbons in which an addition reaction with hydrogen can take place are alkene $(C_{n} H_{2 n})$ and alkyne $(C_{n} H_{2 n - 2})$ .

The essential condition required for an addition reaction to occur is that the hydrocarbons should contain double or triple bond, i.e., they should be unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Reaction of alkene: Addition of hydrogen to ethene produces ethane (alkane)
$C H_{2} = C H_{2} + H_{2} N i \to C H_{3} - C H_{3}$

Reaction of alkyne: Addition of hydrogen to ethyne produce ethane (alkane). 2 molecules of hydrogen are required in this reaction.
$C H \equiv C H + 2 H_{2} N i \to C H_{3} - C H_{3}$

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