Write the names and symbols of the two most reactive metals belonging to the Group I of the periodic table. Explain by drawing electronic structure how either one of the two metals reacts with a halogen. With which name is the bond formed between these elements known and what is the class of the compound so formed known? State any four physical properties of such compounds.

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Solution

The two most reactive elements of group 1 are cesium (Cs) and rubidium(Rb). Since valence shell of cesium contains only 1 electron, so it can lose it and form positive Cs⁺ ion. The electron lost by cesium can be accepted by halogen atom like chlorine and form negative chloride ions. The positive and negative ions attract each other to form electrostatic bond also called ionic bond. This type of compound formed is called an ionic compound.
Electronic configuration of cesium chloride:

Properties of the ionic compound are:
1. High melting and boiling point.
2. Good electrical conductivity in the molten state and aqueous solution.
3. Physical state is usually crystalline solid.
4. Soluble in water.

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