Write the principle of separation techniques.
a) Winnowing.
b) Sedimentation and decantation.
c) Loading
d) Crystallisation
e) Magnetic separation.
Write the principle of separation techniques.
a) Winnowing.
b) Sedimentation and decantation.
c) Loading
d) Crystallisation
e) Magnetic separation.
a) Winnowing: Winnowing is the method of separating heavier components of the mixture from the lighter substances with the help of wind.
For example, grains are separated from chaff.
b) Sedimentation and decantation: Sedimentation is the process in which heavier insoluble particles of a mixture settle down at the bottom. Like mud from muddy water. Whereas decantation is a process in which an upper clear layer of liquid is poured out into another container to separate two immiscible liquids. Like draining oil from a mixture of oil and water.
c) Loading: Loading is a process in which alum is added to a liquid to coagulate particles to form sediment of solid because suspended particles are lighter and do not settle at the bottom on their own.
d) Crystallization: Crystallization is a method applied for the separation of homogeneous mixtures of crystalline solids, like copper sulfate solution. In this method, the mixture is heated at a high temperature and then allowed to cool at a lower temperature, by doing this soluble solute particle forms its crystal again and can be separated easily.
e) Magnetic separation: Magnetic separation is a method to separate the mixture of solid and solid. This method is applied if one of the constituents of the mixture has magnetic properties. In this method, the mixture is exposed to a giant magnet, and constituents that have magnetic properties get attracted to the magnet.
For example, iron nails from sand, and iron objects from scrap yards are separated by magnetic separation.
a) Winnowing: Winnowing is the method of separating heavier components of the mixture from the lighter substances with the help of wind.
For example, grains are separated from chaff.
b) Sedimentation and decantation: Sedimentation is the process in which heavier insoluble particles of a mixture settle down at the bottom. Like mud from muddy water. Whereas decantation is a process in which an upper clear layer of liquid is poured out into another container to separate two immiscible liquids. Like draining oil from a mixture of oil and water.
c) Loading: Loading is a process in which alum is added to a liquid to coagulate particles to form sediment of solid because suspended particles are lighter and do not settle at the bottom on their own.
d) Crystallization: Crystallization is a method applied for the separation of homogeneous mixtures of crystalline solids, like copper sulfate solution. In this method, the mixture is heated at a high temperature and then allowed to cool at a lower temperature, by doing this soluble solute particle forms its crystal again and can be separated easily.
e) Magnetic separation: Magnetic separation is a method to separate the mixture of solid and solid. This method is applied if one of the constituents of the mixture has magnetic properties. In this method, the mixture is exposed to a giant magnet, and constituents that have magnetic properties get attracted to the magnet.
For example, iron nails from sand, and iron objects from scrap yards are separated by magnetic separation.
